基于材料匹配分析的永磁同步电机优化设计

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Optimization Design Based on Material Matching Analysis

通过分析永磁同步轮毂电机内嵌式、表贴式、Halbach(哈尔巴赫)阵列式3种永磁体布置方式转子的气隙磁密和对应电流密度上的转矩,得知在相同材料和电流密度时影响轮毂电机转矩的因素主要是永磁体产生的气隙磁密。由于过低的气隙磁密不能让定子材料充分发挥作用,导致无法获得较高的转矩,因此通过采用Halbach阵列形式的永磁体结构,产生聚磁作用,提高气隙磁密,从而提高了电磁转矩。但是,气隙磁密的提高容易使铁芯材料饱和。因此本文在采用Halbach阵列的基础上,分析不同定子铁芯材料和永磁体材料的组合对转矩公式中各参数的影响,最后得出在低速大转矩电机设计中采用高饱和性、高相对磁导率铁芯材料和高剩磁、高矫顽力永磁材料比较适合的结论。

In this paper,through analysis of the air gap flux density and the torque for inertial type,surface mounted type,Halbach arrays type arrangement permanent magnet rotor of the in-wheel motor,it is concluded that the factors affecting the in-wheel motor torque is mainly the air gap flux density produced by the permanent magnet on the condition of the same material and current density. Since lower air gap flux density cannot make the stator material to be fully used,and therefore less torque,this paper adopts Halbach arrays as the structure of permanent magnet,and the torque was improved for the increasing air gap flux density due to the assembled magnetic effect. However,air gap flux density increasing is easy to saturate the core material. Therefore,on the basis of using Halbach arrays,this paper analyzes the influence of the different material combination of the stator core and permanent magnet on the torque formula parameters,and finally comes to conclusion that in design of low speed high torque motor,the high saturation,high relative permeability core material and high remanence ratio,high coercive force permanent magnet material is suitable.