铁路车辆模态参数灵敏度分析及结构优化研究

Modal Sensitivity Analysis and Structural Optimization of Railway Vehicle

建立了整备状态车体有限元模型,重点分析车体前60Hz典型模态振型。为提高整备状态车体一阶垂向弯曲频率,采用了灵敏度分析方法。选取18个车体可调整的构件的厚度值作为设计变量,整备车体的一阶垂向弯曲频率作为优化目标,对车体进行灵敏度分析;得知对于一阶垂向弯曲振型模态频率灵敏度最高的部件为车体底架横梁,增加横梁厚度对于提高一阶垂弯振型模态频率最为有效。依据计算结果,对应改变18个设计变量的数值后重新计算,优化后一阶垂向弯曲振型模态频率增加了9%,由9.7Hz提高至10.6Hz。

FE models of fully-equipped car body are built and emphasis is lay on typical mode shapes by car body's first 60 Hz. Sensitivity analysis has been used in order to improve the first vertical bending frequency. Each thickness value of 18 adjustable body components is considered to be the design variable and the first vertical bending frequency of fully-equipped car body is set as the optimization goal. Results show that the beam named hl-4-CPB is the most sensitive part. Based on the results,with the value of design variables changed correspondingly,car body modal is recalculated. After optimizing,first vertical bending frequency is increased by 9%,from 9. 7Hz to 10. 6Hz.