CCAMLR规制IUU捕鱼的措施评估与反思

EVALUATION AND REFLECTION OF CCAMLR MEASURES FOR REGULATION OF IUU FISHING

20世纪80年代中后期以来,泛滥的非法、未报告及未管制捕鱼造成了南大洋生物资源日渐枯竭。南极海洋生物资源养护委员会作为该区域内最重要的渔业管理组织,相继出台了多项规制措施并在缔约国当中取得了显著成效。但不可否认的是,由于国际海洋法在船旗国管辖规定上存在的固有局限性,悬挂非缔约国旗帜的船舶在其管理海域内从事非法、未报告及未管制的捕鱼作业仍然无法杜绝,以至于成为现阶段管理南极海洋生物资源面临的最大挑战。

Since the 1980 s, rampant illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing has led to the exhaustion of marine living resources in the Southern Ocean. As the most important regional fishery management organization in the Southern Ocean, the Commission on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources(CCAMLR) has issued conservation measures for the marine living resources. The measures have had a good effect among contracting parties. However, there is no doubt that the existing inherent limitations in the flag state jurisdiction regulations of international marine law have given rise to uninhibited IUU fishing from vessels associated with non-contracting parties in the Convention area. At this stage, these limitations have been the greatest challenge for managing the Antarctic marine living resources.