集雨袋贮、节水包滴灌在干旱山地枣树栽培中的应用

Techniques of Rain's Collection and Storage and Water-saving Bag for Drip Irrigation in Jujube Cultivation for Dry Hill Land

在陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑区干旱山地枣树造林和生产中,应用集雨袋贮、节水包滴灌技术,解决了干旱山区坡地枣树造林成活率低的难题,取得了良好的经济、生态及社会效益。试验结果表明,节水包滴灌可使枣树平均造林成活率提高52.5%;土壤不板结,蒸发少,节水效果好,水利用率达95%,滴灌1m3水可增产34kg,比穴灌1m3水增产50.8%,产量提高了29%;集雨袋贮集水,将丰雨期地表产生的径流有害水变为能产生经济效益的有用水。

Remarkably economic, ecological and social benefits have been obtained by extension and application of the techniques of rain's collection and storage and watersaving bag for drip irrigation in jujube afforestation as well as lowlyyielded jujube orchard transformation for dry hill land of hilly and gullied areas of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi. The technique resolved the difficult problems of low survival rate and benefit of jujube afforestation on dry hill land. The mean survival rate of jujube afforestation reached 85%～90% and yield increased by about 25% by using the drip irrigation technique of watersaving bag based on afforestation test. Soil surface was not compacted after drip irrigation of the watersaving bag, a little of soil moisture was lost by evaporation with good watersaving benefit and water use rate reached 95%. 34kg of yield was increased with the drip irrigation of 1 m3 of water while 16.7kg increased with hole irrigation. Raincollecting bag is used to store the collected rain water by which ecoenvironment is improved, water and soil is maintained. Moreover, storage of runoff water in the raincollecting bag makes the harmful runoff water into useful water which produces economic benefit in production. 