20 m往返跑测评11～15岁青少年心肺耐力的比较研究

Comparative Research on Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Adolescents Aged 11 to 15 YearsEvaluating by 20 Meters Shuttle Run Test

目的:探讨20 m往返跑(20 mSRT)测评11~15岁青少年心肺耐力的效果,并与我国常用测评心肺耐力的400 m、800 m、1000 m定距跑以及3 min全速定时跑进行比较研究。方法:310名11~15岁中小学生同步参加20 m往返跑、定距跑和定时跑测试。测试中用Suunto t6心率遥感设备采集受试者的平均心率和最大心率,并根据心率划分运动强度。结果:11~12岁男生20 mSRT剧烈运动百分比为48.0%±3.9%,明显低于定距跑的63.3%±6.5%,而大强度运动百分比为25.8%±5.8%,显著高于定距跑的16.9%±3.0%;女生结果相似。13~15岁男女20 mSRT剧烈运动百分比同样显著低于定距跑,男生中等强度运动百分比为16.6%±2.7%,明显大于定距跑,女生大强度运动百分比大于定距跑。与定时跑相比较,11~15岁男女20 mSRT剧烈运动百分比均较低,而大强度运动百分比均较高。结论:11~15岁青少年20 mSRT剧烈运动百分比低于定距跑和定时跑,而大、中运动百分比高于定距跑或定时跑,表明20 mSRT相比于定距跑和定时跑更适于心肺耐力的提高和测评,可作为青少年心肺耐力测评的运动项目,为在中小学推广20 mSRT评价心肺耐力提供理论依据和数据支持。

Objective:To investigate cardio respiratory fitness of adolescents aged 11 to 15 years evaluating by 20 meters shuttle run test(20 mSRT),which is compared with distance run test such as 400 meters,800 meters and 1000 meters and 3 minutes shuttle run at full speed timing run test.Methods:The subjects were 310 primary and secondary school students aged 11 to 15 years.They participated in 20 mSRT,distance run test and timing run test that 3 minutes shuttle run at full speed.Distance run test divided into 400 meters(aged 11 to 12 years),1000 meters(boys aged 13 to 15 years)and 800 meters(girls aged 13 to 15 years).The maximum and mean heart rate were detected by Suunto T6 heart rate remote sensing equipment.The exercise intensity level divided according to heat rate(HR).Results:The strenuous exercise percentage of aged 11 to 12 years boys in 20 meters shuttle run test was 48.0%±3.9%.It was significantly lower than 63.3%±6.5%in distance run test.However,the high intensity exercise percentage of them were 25.8%±5.8%.It was significantly higher than 16.9%±3.0%in distance run test.The results of girls were similar with boys.The strenuous exercise percentage of aged 13 to 15 years boys and girls in 20 mSRT were less than that in distance run test.The moderate intensity exercise percentage of boys was 16.6%±2.7%.It was significantly higher than that in distance run test.The high intensity exercise percentage of girls was greater than that in distance run test.The strenuous exercise percentage of aged 11 to 15 years boys and girls in 20 mSRT were remarkably lower than that in timing run test.However,the high intensity exercise percentage were significantly higher than that in timing run test.Conclusion:The strenuous exercise percentage of aged 11 to 15 years adolescents was lower than that in distance run test and timing run test.But the high and/or moderate intensity exercise percentage of them were higher than that in distance run test and timing run test.These results indicated that 20 mSRT was more useful for increase and evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness compared with distance run test and timing run test.The 20 mSRT can be used to estimate cardiopulmonary fitness in adolescents.It will provide theoretical basis and data support for popularizing 20 mSRT to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness in primary and secondary school students.