激光在紫铜焊接中的应用研究进展

Progress of the Application of Laser in Copper Welding

随着不可再生资源的日益减少,电能在人类能源结构中所占的比例持续增加,导致市场对紫铜及其优质、高效焊接技术的需求逐年增加。但是紫铜的高热导率导致焊接过程中电弧热源能量难以集中。由于紫铜对激光的高反射率使得将激光应用于紫铜焊接时一直存在着能量耦合效率低及焊接稳定性差等难题。近年来,随着激光器技术的进步,激光在紫铜焊接中的应用研究日益受到关注。本文回顾了国内外研究者为提高紫铜焊接过程中激光能量的耦合效率和焊接过程的稳定性所做的各种努力和尝试,总结了激光在紫铜焊接中应用的研究进展,最后对今后紫铜激光焊接技术的研究热点和发展趋势做出了预测。

With the dwindling of non-renewable energy resources,the proportion of electric energy in human energy structure continues to increase which leads to the growing demands for copper and copper welding technology with high quality and efficiency. Because of the high thermal conductivity of copper,it is difficult to keep the arc energy focused on a small area in welding process. The low laser absorptivity of copper leads to the low thermal efficiency and poor stability of laser beam welding of copper,and limited the application of laser in copper welding. Recently,the rapid development of high- quality laser beam is attracting increasing attention for its application in copper welding.This work reviewed the great efforts and numerous attempts made by researchers worldwide to determine a method to apply a laser with a high power density to copper welding,and summarized the recent progress of the application of laser in copper welding. Finally hot research areas in future and the development tendency of copper laser beam welding technology is offered.