“一带一路”背景下中国省域产业比较优势和规模经济的空间演化:塑料产业的案例

Plastic Industry's Provincial Comparative Advantages and the Spatial Evolution of Scales of Economy in China from the Perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative

基于微观企业层面数据探讨塑料产业省域比较优势和规模经济空间演化,尝试刻画"一带一路"倡议对中国不同省域产业空间分布格局的影响。研究发现:"一带一路"倡议下出现塑料产业出口空间从东部沿海向长江经济带沿线省域的T型产业扩散,出现相邻接"一带一路"次区域—省域的地理空间均衡分布特征;塑料产业比较优势空间分布的中部凹陷带在"一带一路"倡议提出后趋于消失,各省域比较优势空间分布渐趋平衡;在产业链不同环节中,聚乙烯比较优势分布向长江经济带沿线和与"一带一路"沿线国邻接省域的扩散与塑料制品向东部沿海及邻近长江经济带中下游省域的集中并存;塑料产业链不同环节的规模经济差异性明显,出现由小规模企业针对"一带一路"区域,较大规模企业面向发达国家等市场的市场竞争结果。

This paper explores the plastic industry’s provincial comparative advantages and the spatial evolution of scales of economy based on the enterprise-level data,and analyzes the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative on the spatial distribution of the plastic industry in China. The study finds that:(1)with the Belt and Road Initiative there is a T-type industrial diffusion of export space from the eastern coast to the provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt featuring a balanced geographical distribution of sub-regions and sub-provinces adjacent to Belt and Road countries;(2)the industry’s central depression belt has been disappearing since the initiative was proposed with the spatial distribution of comparative advantages tending to be more balanced;(3)within the industrial chain,the comparative advantage of polyethylene production goes to the Yangtze River Economic Belt provinces or provinces neighboring the Belt and Road countries while the finished plastic products go to the eastern coastal areas or the provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River;(4)the scales of economy in the industrial chain vary significantly,as the result of market competition,with small-scale enterprises focusing on Belt and Road regions and large-scale enterprises on developed countries and other markets.