元君庙墓地合葬墓的使用过程研究

Research of the Burial Process of the Multi Burial Tombs at Yuanjunmiao Cemetery

本文以元君庙墓地合葬墓内人骨埋藏特征为主要分类标准,将合葬墓分为单一人骨埋藏特征合葬和多种人骨埋藏特征合葬两大类。通过分析合葬墓内人骨埋藏特征的形成过程及原因可知,合葬墓内人骨埋藏特征多形成于墓葬的原始埋藏阶段,且多为人为原因造成,与墓葬埋葬方式和葬俗密切相关。墓室内死者肉体完全腐烂和人骨水平位移所需的时间和空间,是合葬墓人骨埋藏特征形成的必需条件。因此,合葬墓的使用过程并非都是一次填埋与安葬而成,部分合葬墓存在多次使用的现象。合葬墓的多次使用现象对于研究当时社会复杂的丧葬习俗等方面具有非常重要的意义。

This paper investigates human bone remains in multi burial tombs at Yuanjunmiao cemetery,and divides it into two types of burial manners according to their burial features:multi burials with singular human bones and multi burials with multiple human bones.After having analyzed their formation processes and causes,it is found that the burial features were formed mostly in the original burial process and was cause by manmade reasons in accord with burial customs of contemporary societies.Based on the analysis of the formation condition,it is concluded that human bones in the Yuanjunmiao cemetery were not buried for only one time but have undergone several times of burial.The identification of the multiple use of joint tombs is significant to the study of funeral customs of that time.