等级关系中人际信任的非对称性

The Asymmetry of the Interpersonal Trust in Hierarchical Relationships

等级关系是组织内部最为重要和普遍的关系之一。本文对等级关系中上下级之间的人际信任予以考察,结果表明上级对下级的降序信任与下级对上级的升序信任不具有对称性。具体包括:(1)等级关系的结构特性会影响有等级差异的信任双方对于信任关系的解释与判断,且上级和下级受影响的程度不同;(2)等级关系中上下级之间的降序信任与升序信任的强度不总是相同的;(3)降序信任与升序信任的结构维度可能存有差异;(4)反思水平较高的上下级之间的人际信任水平也较高。

The hierarchical relationship is one of the most important and fundamental interpersonal re-lations in the organizations. This paper investigated the interpersonal trust of superior and subordinate in hi-erarchical relationships, and indicated the asymmetry between superior'trust in subordinate(top-downtrust) and subordinate's trust in superior(bottom-up trust). Concretely speaking,(1) the structural character-istics of the hierarchical relationship would influence the trust cognition of both superior and subordinate, es-pecially of the subordinate;(2) the strengths of top-down trust and bottom-up trust were not always equal;(3) the structural dimensions of top-down trust and bottom-up trust wear probably different;(4) the more re-flective activities would lead to a better trust level between superior and subordinate.