不同孕期孕妇感染人微小病毒B19及不良妊娠结局

The infection of human parvovirus B19 of pregnant women during different pregnancy stages and it influence on adverse pregnancy outcomes

目的:探讨不同孕期孕妇人微小病毒B19的感染情况及不良妊娠结局。方法:收集本院2016年1月—2017年12月产前检查孕妇,酶联免疫吸附试验检测人微小病毒B19 IgM。结果:2240例孕妇中人微小病毒B19感染率为2.2%;不同年龄、产次、胎数孕妇人微小病毒B19感染率比较无差异(P>0.05);孕周≤12周孕妇人微小病毒B19感染率(3.5%)高于孕13~28周(1.6%)和孕>28周(1,8%)(P<0.05);感染孕妇发生死胎、胎儿畸形、胎儿水肿及流产等不良妊娠结局发生率(10.7%、21.4%、7.1%和7.1%)高于无感染孕妇(0.3%、0.2%、0.1%、0.6%)(P<0.05);不同孕周感染的孕妇不良妊娠结局发生率无差异(P>0.05)。结论孕妇存在一定的人微小病毒B19感染,与不良妊娠结局有一定关系,应加强微小病毒B19感染监测。

Objective:To explore the infection of human parvovirus B19 of pregnant women during different pregnancy stages,and to study the influence of human parvovirus B19 infection on adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods:Human parvovirus B19 IgM of 2240 pregnant women were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from January 2016 to December 2017.Results:The infection rate of human parvovirus B19 was 2.2%.There were no significant difference in the infection rate among pregnant women with different age,parity and number of fetuses(P>0.05).The infection rate of women in equal to or less than 12 gestational weeks was 3.5%,which was significant higher than that(1.6%)of women in 13-28 gestational weeks and that(1.8%)of women over 28 gestational weeks(P<0.05).The incidences of stillbirth,fetal malformation,fetal edema and abortion of infected pregnant women were 10.7%,21.4%,7.1%,and 7.14%,respectively,which were significant higher than those(0.3%,0.2%,0.1%,0.6%,respectively)of women without human parvovirus B19 infection(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse pregnancy outcomes of women in different gestational weeks(P>0.05).Conclusion:There is a certain proportion of human parvovirus B19 infection in pregnant women,which is associated with the adverse pregnancy outcomes,so it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of parvovirus B19 infection in pregnant women.