铋对铅酸蓄电池析氢和析氧行为的影响

The influence of bismuth on hydrogen and oxygen evolution behavior in lead-acid battery

综述了铋对铅酸蓄电池析氢和析氧行为的影响。虽然关于铋对析氢和析氧影响的研究较多,但铋在电池中的作用仍存在争议。大多数结果表明,铅铋合金中铋对正极氧气的析出起电催化作用,同时又加速了氧在负极上的再复合效率,对负极氢气析出反应则起抑制作用,电解液中的铋离子的存在能提高析氢析氧过电位。铋的存在降低了电池的水损耗。

Recent research and development of the influence of bismuth on hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions in leadacid battery were reviewed.Up to now there were still controversial conclusions on the effect of bismuth on hydrogen and oxygen evolution in lead-acid battery. Most results showed that bismuth in the alloys could catalyze the oxygen evolution on positive plate but increase the recombination rate of oxygen on negative plate and speed up the rate of hydrogen evolution.However,Bi3+ions in the electrolyte could enhance the hydrogen and oxygen overpotentials on the negative and the positive plate respectively,and therefore decreased the water loss of leadacid battery.