雷州红砖民居封火山墙多样性演变成因研究

Research on the Evolution of Fire-sealing Gable Walls' Diversity in Leizhou Traditional Vernacular Red Brick Dwellings

雷州红砖民居以其特有的色彩与形式在岭南地区传统民居中独树一帜。那一片片色彩艳丽、形式多样、造型夸张的封火山墙成为其显著的标志。雷州红砖民居封火山墙样式源于福佬,在继承福佬系传统特征的基础上,受历史移民、地域文化、社会背景、经济等多方面因素的影响,又呈现出多样化的发展,并在色彩、形式、装饰等方面衍生出了自身独特的特征。以乡野调查研究为基础,通过描述封火山墙的多样性特征,对雷州传统红砖民居封火山墙多样性演变的产生诱因,从美学、功能、技术等角度进行实证分析,透彻探寻其在建筑中功能、形式、艺术等多方面和谐统一的人居哲学智慧。

Leizhou vernacular red brick dwellings are a landmark symbol in Lingnan region which distinguishes them from vernacular dwellings in other places.Originating from Fulao traditional vernacular dwellings and inheriting their advantages,Leizhou traditional vernacular red brick dwellings developed to tremendous diversities,which was influenced by historic immigrations,local culture,social background and economic status.Along time,the evolution of Leizhou traditional vernacular red brick dwellings evolved to their own distinguished features on colour,form,layout and decorations.Based on the site survey,this paper describes the diversity of fire-sealing gable walls in details,and discusses the reasons causing this evolution.With the analysis of the integration on aesthetics,functions and technologies,the findings and conclusions of this paper can be useful to the conservation,retrofitting,regeneration and new built of the dwellings in Leizhou.