夏热冬冷湿润气候下绿化屋面对建筑环境影响的研究

The impact of the extensive green roof on the build environment in hot-summer and cold-winter moist climate

绿化屋面是一种被动式建筑技术,通过提高建筑屋面对太阳辐射的反照率,以及附加的种植基质保温性能,实现减缓热岛效应、降低建筑能耗的作用。结合夏热冬冷湿润地区气候特点,使用温度实测、软件能耗模拟的方法,分析绿化屋面对建筑内部及外部环境的影响。通过对南京1个办公建筑屋面温度实测显示,夏季晴朗日间应用绿化的建筑屋面外表面比裸露屋面温度平均低约16℃。通过EnergyPlus模拟,有保温屋面增加绿化屋面后,其顶层全年能耗降低了2.6kWh/m2,无保温屋面增加绿化屋面后,其顶层全年能耗降低了14.1kWh/m2;通过Airpak对一个居住区的室外环境模拟,在应用屋顶绿化后,其室外环境温度可降低约0.2℃。

Green roofing is a passive building technology.By using additional green roof layers,it improves the thermal performance inside the building,it also increases the green area of the city of the building roof layer outside the building.These dual effects can reduce energy consumption inside the building,and relieve urban heat island effect outside the building.In the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River,weather in winter and summer go to extremes and is always humid and rainy all year round.The impact of extensive green roof on the building environment was verified by experimental monitoring and energy simulation.To prove the green roof effect on energy consumption of building,the temperature of a model office building in Nanjing City was monitored,temperature distribution in green roof and general roof in real-time were recorded,the result shows that the average temperature is 16 ℃lower on the green roof.Energyplus simulation software was used to simulate the energy in the same building,the energy consume was reduced 2.6kWh/m2 totally when the roof have a insulation layer,and it can inhanced to 14.1kWh/m2 when the roof have no insulation layer.Airpak simulation software was used to simulate the effect on the environment in a residential area in Shanghai after the application of green roofs,the result shows the temperature was 0.2 ℃than before.