以发展的眼光看马克思的劳动和劳动价值理论

Viewing Marx’s theories of labour and labour value in the light of development

我们应该从历史唯物主义的高度来认识劳动价值论的科学内涵,而不能拘泥于马克思分析资本主义商品经济和物质生产时所得出的个别结论,更不能以矛盾的特殊代替矛盾的一般。社会主义社会,劳动价值论是与社会主义基本制度相结合的,它起作用的条件有了变化。随着实践的发展,非物质性生产创造价值也几乎成了一个不言自明的事实。按劳分配是对按资分配的否定,也是对按所有权分配的否定,它和按生产要素分配一样都是按贡献分配,体现了一种历史的进步。

We should approach the scientific connotation of the labour theory of value from the high plane of historical materialism in stead of rigidly adhering to one or two conclusions Marx drew when analysing capitalist commodity economy and material production.We should not try to replace the universality of contradiction with the particularity of contradiction.In socialist society,the labour theory of value is in combination with the basic socialist system,and there have been changes in the condi-tions in which it functions.With the development of practice,the creative value of non-material produc-tion has almost become a self-evident fact.The practice of distribution according to work is negation of distribution according to capitals and also negation of distribution according to ownership.Like distribu-tion according to work is negation of distribution to cap itals and also negation of distribution according to ownership.Like distribution according to factor of production,dis tribution according to contribution,which signifies a forward step in history.