略论不起诉决定的效力

On the validity of Non-prosecution

不起诉决定的效力 ,是指检察官依法作出的不起诉决定所具有的拘束力、确定力和执行力。不起诉决定是检察机关依据刑事实体法和程序法作出的一种独立的司法决定 ,必然在实体法和程序法上产生相应的法律效力。基于对司法权威、司法公正和无罪推定原则以及一事不再理原则的客观分析 ,本文认为 ,生效的不起诉决定对案件当事人、人民检察院以及其他社会主体的行为产生约束力 ,在程序法上具有终止诉讼的效力 ,在实体法上具有推定无罪的效力。同时具有执行内容的不起诉决定还有强制执行的效力。

Non-prosecution is an important decision that procurators make on the basis of the current law,so it naturally produces corresponding legal validity both in substantive lawand procedural law.The author objectively analyzes such theoretical problems as judicial justice,litigation effect,judicial authority,the principle of the preˉsumption of innocent and the principle of not twice for the same,then draws such a conclusion from discussions above.That is:the valid decision on non-prosecution includes three respects:the force of constraint,the force of definitiveness and the force of compulsion.The decision about non-prosecution can restrain relative conducts of the case parties,the people's procuratorate and other social organizations and individuals.It can not only close litigation in procedural law,but also presume not guilty in substantive law.Moreover it should be imposed on judicial practice if it involves some burdens in itself.