汉语中关于“死”的委婉语及其会话原则

On the Euphemism 'death' in Chinese and its Conversational Principle

会话的合作原则和礼貌原则是语用学研究的一个重要内容,人们在交际中要遵循合作原则,但在具体语境中却可能由于礼貌而故意违反合作原则,以求达到更好的交际效果。汉语中关于“死”的委婉语主要是体现礼貌原则当中的两个准则,礼貌原则受到具体社会文化的影响,人们在交际过程中在考虑礼貌原则的同时也是在寻求其文化适应性的过程。

The cooperative principle and politeness principle in conversation is an important content in pragmatics. People should follow the cooperative principle. But in order to achieve a better communicative effectiveness, people may deliberately violate the cooperative principle due to the consideration of politeness in specific context. The euphemism 'death' in Chinese mainly embodies two criteria in politeness principle: politeness principle is influenced by specific social culture and people's consideration of politeness principle is also a process of searching for their cultural adaptation in the process of communication.