历代史家对奥古斯都的评述及其启示

The Judgments of Augustus of Historians and the Relevant Revelation

奥古斯都渴望名垂千古,但历代史家对他却有褒有贬。罗马帝国的史家大多美化甚至神化他,启蒙时代的史家则质疑和批判他,19世纪的史家对他褒贬皆有,现代史家对他的评述则呈现出多元化的特点。这既让奥古斯都名垂青史、彪炳千古的希望落空,也启示我们在评价历史人物时,要破除"盖棺定论"的传统思想,从发掘历史学的人文价值的角度,不断对历史人物作出比较公允的、多元的新诠释,以启迪当代与后世。

Augustus wished to become immortal,but the judgment on Augustus varied in the works of differ-ent historians.He was glorified and even deified by the historians of the Roman Empire while doubted and criti-cized by the historians of the Enlightenment Age,and justified and denied equally by the historians in the 19th century.Nowadays,the judgments on Augustus tend to become pluralistic.The fact destroyed Augustus' wish to be immortal,and inspired us to avoid determinism and make more evenhanded and colorful explanation of his-toric figures from the view of humanism when judging them.