立法时机三论

On Legislation Opportunity

立法时机的决策是当前提高立法质量,改进立法工作的必要一环。立法时机是指立法者做出是否立法以及何时立法的决策时所应考虑的各项主客观条件。从立法时机的构成而言,立法时机包含了制定法律的时机、修改法律的时机以及废除法律的时机。在进行立法时机的决策时,立法者至少需要考虑立法需求和立法可能两个要素。前者包括社会关系的广度、深度等三个层面,后者则涵盖了立法能力等三个层面。同时,立法者可以采取预测立法需求、编制立法规划和采取"短期立法"模式等作为立法时机选择的方略。

The decision-making of legislation opportunity is a necessary factor considered in the process of making law,which is Crucial for the improvement of legislation quality.The legislation opportunities are the vari-ous subjective and objective conditions considered when a decision is made about whether legislation should be done or not and the choice of legislation time.The legislation opportunities includin opportunities to make laws,revise laws and abolish laws in an abroad sense.The legislators should consider the legislation need and legisla-tion possibility when choosing the legislation opportunity.The legislation need includes three factors,such as the extent and the depth of human relations in society,etc.The legislation possibility also includes three factors,such as the legislation ability,etc.Meanwhile,legislatos may made decisions about the opportunity by three means: predicting the legislationing need;drawing up the legislation plan and "short-term legislation"model.