马克思环境哲学思想论要——读《1844年经济学哲学手稿》

An Overview of Marxism Environmental Philosophy——Reading "1884 Economics and Philosophy Manuscripts"

《1844年经济学哲学手稿》包含着马克思环境哲学思想的主要内容,这体现为六个方面的有机统一:人的自然性与人的社会性的统一是从人及自然各自的根本属性出发,说明人与自然的矛盾统一,是马克思环境哲学的思想基础;人与自然的关系和人与人的关系的统一,是从两类关系的关联性出发,说明它们和谐的内在必然性,是马克思环境哲学的核心内容;自然史与人类史的统一是从人的社会性出发,说明的是人的社会本质,是马克思环境哲学的价值依据;无机身体与有机身体的统一是从人的自然性出发,说明的是人的自然的本质,是马克思环境哲学的理论特征;物的尺度与人的尺度的统一,是从人的实践本性出发,说明的是人的主体性的特殊规定,是马克思环境哲学的实践原则;自然主义与人道主义的统一是从人与自然和解的根本旨归出发,说明的是人的全面发展的必由之路和必然之境,是马克思环境哲学的终级关怀和最高道德境界。

'1884 Economics and Philosophy Manuscripts' contains the major content of Marxism environmental philosophy,which is manifested in six aspects: the idea that the natural feature and the social feature of human beings are unified is explained from the fundamental features of human and nature and serves as the ideological base for Marxism environmental philosophy.The view that human-nature relationship and human-human relationship are unified,which is expounded from the connection of these two relationships,indicating their internal harmony,is deemed as central content of Marxism environmental philosophy.Based on the social property of human beings,the history of nature and the history of human being are harmonious.This can be seen as the value base of Marxism environmental philosophy.Organism and non-organism are harmonious.This view was based on the natural property of human beings.The rule of material and the rule of human being are harmonious.This standpoint was based on the practice property of human beings.Naturalism and humanism are harmonious,which is based on the compromise between human beings and the nature and is the condition on which human beings can develop their full potentialities.It serves as the ultimate concern of Marxism environmental philosophy and the highest goal human beings' moral standard can reach.