农地流转公积金制度研究

Research on the Accumulation Fund System of Farmland Circulation

国际农地流转经验表明,人地关系紧张状况下促进农地市场化流转尤其需要兼顾好参与双方的权益保障;以农地流转双向保障机制构建为基础的公积金制度的政策性金融服务、多元化保障与科学化管理运作特点对解决中国农地市场化流转中适度规模经营激励不足、退地农民权利保障缺失等具有一定适应性;农地流转公积金是由国家、集体和农民共同缴存的农地流转储金,通过农村金融机构下设农地流转公积金管理中心的运作模式实现对农地市场化流转中农民基本生存权利保障与农业适度规模经营政策激励。在当前农地产权制度背景下,建立农地流转公积金制度需进一步清晰界定农地产权,推进农地抵押融资合法化,确定合理的资金缴存与使用标准,渐进式原则推行试点探索。

International experience of farmland circulation shows that it is especially necessary to safeguard both sides' rights and interests to promote the farmland marketing circulation under the tension of man- land relationship. The accumulation fund system,based on the establishment of bidirectional guarantee mechanism of cultivated land circulation,with the characteristics of policy- oriented financial services,diversity protection and scientific management etc.,can help to solve the problems of the deficiency of encouragement in moderate scale management and the lack of rights protection for farmers in the market-based circulation of agricultural land. The accumulation fund of farmland circulation is a kind of farmland transfer reserve deposited by the state,the collective and farmers. The fund aims to guarantee farmers' basic survival rights and works as policy incentives for agricultural optimum scale operation through management center of the accumulation fund of farmland circulation in rural financial institutions. With the current farmland property right system,to build the accumulation fund system of farmland circulation requires the clear defining of rural land property rights,the legalization of agricultural land mortgage finance,and the establishment of reasonable standard of funds deposit and application. Meanwhile,pilot and progressive implementation of the new system is recommended.