人工智能等技术进步影响劳动力需求的机制研究

Can Artificial Intelligence Lead to Mass Unemployment

技术进步对就业既有替代效应又有补偿效应。技术进步一方面通过自动化替代了一些劳动岗位,另一方面也通过产品价格的降低和新产品的开发扩大了市场需求,补偿了就业岗位。技术进步对就业的影响取决于技术进步率及其引发的总需求增长率的相对大小。从历史发展来看,技术进步以后总体就业人数是增加的。

Technological progress has both substitution and compensation effects on employment.On one hand,technological progress has replaced some jobs through automation;on the other hand,it has expanded market demand and compensated for jobs through the reduction of product prices and the development of new products.The impact of technological progress on employment depends on the relative size of the rate of technological progress and the growth rate of general demand resulted from it.It can be seen from historical development that the total number of employed people has increased with technological progress.