中国战略性新兴产业空间格局演变与优化

Evolution and Optimization of Spatial Layout of Strategic Emerging Industry in China

运用2004、2009和2014年3个时间截面所有沪深上市公司中具有战略性新兴产业概念的相关数据,对中国战略性新兴产业空间格局的时空演变进行了分析和研究。结果表明:从全国层面来看,中国战略性新兴产业发展规模不断扩大的同时,发展效益也在较快增长,但增长速度有所变缓。从产业层面来看,节能环保产业发展规模最大,且发展效益最好,而新材料产业发展规模还较小,新一代新兴技术产业发展势头强劲。从区域层面来看,中国战略性新兴产业扩张的主战场是华北地区,同时华北地区与华东地区发展效益最好;而西北地区是中国战略性新兴产业发展的短板,且发展效益欠佳。在战略性新兴产业空间布局方面:全局Moran’s I指数显示,战略性新兴产业资产总额分布存在显著的空间依赖,具有地理上的聚集特征。局部LISA指数显示,整体上东部地区战略性新兴产业聚集程度高于中部和西部地区。同时处于高—高聚集区的省(市、区)在逐步减少,处于低—低聚集区的省(市、区)在逐步显现。

Using the 2004, 2009 and 2014 three time sections data of all the Shanghai and Shenzhen listed companies which have Strategic Emerging Industries(SEI) concept, the paper analyzed and studied the temporal and spatial evolution of SEI in China. The results show that the evolvement character in time and spatial series of SEI in China reflected at the national, regional and industry three levels. From a national perspective, the development scale of SEI expands continuously, meanwhile the development benefits increases faster, but the growth rate has slowed down. From the industry perspective, the development scale and development effectiveness of energy-saving and environmentfriendly industries are the largest and the best; but the new material industry development scale is still small, and the new generation of emerging technology industry has a strong momentum of development. From the regional perspective,North China is the main battlefield of expansion of SEI, and development benefits of North China and East China are the optimal; but northwest area is a short board of SEI, and deficiencies in terms of development effectiveness. In the SEI spatial layout: from the global Moran’s I index, the total assets distribution of SEI has a significant spatial dependence and geographical aggregation features. From the local LISA index, the overall level of SEI in the eastern region is higher than the central and Western regions. At the same time, the province(city) in the high-high accumulation area gradually reduced, while the area of low-low accumulation slowly revealed. According to the above analysis, this paper put forward the policy recommendations to optimize the spatial layout of SEI in China.