城市文化产业生态位测度及空间网络效应

Measurement for Niche and Network Effect of Urban Cultural Industry

从资源、市场和政策的视角出发,构建城市文化产业生态位的评价指标,以山东省为研究区,分析2011—2015年全省17地市文化产业生态位时空结构的分异规律,并运用社会网络分析方法(SNA)探索城市间文化产业的竞争关系。结果表明:(1)从空间格局来看,山东省17地市文化产业的生态位宽度表现出极化效应,形成以济南和青岛为中心的两级格局,东部沿海地区的资源和市场优势高于内陆地区,资源与政策不完全匹配;(2)从时间演化特征来看,城市资源和市场环境生态位的分异指数在不断降低,表明城市间文化产业发展的差异性在缩小,主要资源的竞争程度在增加;(3)从城市间文化产业相互竞争构成的网络关系来看,城市资源的竞争较为激烈,呈现规则网络特征,市场环境竞争较为温和,呈现随机网络特征。由于不同竞争性要素构成的城市群关系网络形态差异较大,因而差异化的资源定位、多层次的市场需求挖潜、积极高效的政策干预对区域文化产业协同与网络化发展具有重要作用。

This paper constructs the evaluating index to explore the spatio-temporal feature and the network effect of this relation,from the perspective of urban resources,market environment and industry policy.The 17 cities in Shandong Province are elected as the research area,and the sample period is year 2011-2015.This paper analyzes the structure change and differentiation in time and space of sample’s cultural industry,as well as measures the competitiveness of cultural industry among cities based on Social Network Analysis method(SNA).The empirical results are:(1)from the spatial pattern,the width of the niche of the sample’s cultural industry shows polarization,which cores are located in Jinan and Qingdao.Eastern coastal areas own the advantage of resources and market over inland area.Resources and policies do not match exactly;(2)from the time evolution characteristics,the differentiation index of the niche of urban resources and market environment is decreasing,which implies that the gap among urban cultural industry is shrinking;(3)From the perspective of the network relationship between urban cultural industries,the competition of urban resources is more intense,showing the characteristics of regular networks,and the competition in the market environment is relatively mild,showing the characteristics of random network.Due to the large differences in the network structure of the urban agglomeration relationship constituted by different competitive factors,differentiated resource positioning,multi-level market demand tapping and active and effective policy intervention play an important role in the development of regional cultural industry synergy and networking.From the perspective of the niche of industry,this paper analyzes the feature of specific urban cultural industry,and explores the competition and synergies among local governments in the strategic guidance of cultural industries.