长株潭地区乡村多功能类型分异特征及形成机制

Spatial Differentiation and Formal Mechanism of Rural Function Types in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area

以长株潭地区为例,运用函数模型法、空间集中度、功能识别、空间局部自相关等多种定量方法,对区域乡村功能的空间分布格局、地域分异特征、类型划分、形成机制等进行研究。结果表明:(1)长株潭地区的乡村功能空间地域分异特征明显,功能的空间聚集程度都比较低,布局较为分散,工业生产功能具有较为明显的阶梯状特征,呈现出由城市群中部向东西两侧、由北向南递减的趋势,农业生产功能则呈现出东西两翼强,而中部弱的特征,与工业生产功能基本呈相反分布的态势,社会保障功能普遍偏低,呈低值聚集分布状态,总体呈现出由中心城市向外围地域逐渐减少的态势,生态旅游功能较高的地域较为均匀地分散在城市群的周边县市区,主要分布在山区丘陵地域。(2)各县市功能组合形式多样,呈现出多元化特征,共有11种功能类型,大部分的地域单元属于综合型或多功能组合型,单一功能主导型的地域单元相对较少。(3)长株潭地区各类型地域功能的形成规律是区域自然和社会经济因素综合作用的结果,各影响因素对不同功能类型地域的作用力大小、方向、强度与方式存在较大的差异。

At present, China is in the critical period of urban-rural co-ordination,the transformation and reconstruction of rural functions are rapid. Taking Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area as an example, with the methods of function model method, spatial concentration, function identification, and spatial local autocorrelation. The spatial pattern, regional differentiation, type identification, influencing factors and mechanism of rural function are studied.The results showed: 1)The spatial differentiation of rural functional space in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area is obvious, the spatial aggregation of functions is relatively low, the layout is more scattered,industrial production function has a more obvious stage-like features, showing a trend of decreasing from center to east and west,and from north to south;The agricultural production function which has an opposite distribution with the industrial production function is characterized by strong wings and weak central region; The social security function is generally low, showing a low value aggregation status,in general, with the trend of declining from the center to the periphery; The higher ecotourism function regions are mainly in mountainous areas,which are evenly dispersed in the surrounding counties and cities in urban agglomerations. 2)Various forms of functional combinations of counties and cities with 11 types,most regions belonged to the integrated or multifunctional types, while the single functional-dominated regions are relatively few. 3)The formation of various types is the result of the combined effect of regional natural and socio-economic factors in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area, the impact of extent, mode of action, strength, the direction of various factors have obvious difference.