基于空间句法的传统村落空间形态认知——以杭州市芹川村为例

Spatial Morphology Cognition of Traditional Village Based on Space Syntax:A Case Study of Qinchuan Village of Hangzhou

传统村落是自然环境与人文环境的历史沉淀,具有独特的空间特征。利用空间句法和认知意象理论,结合实地调研资料,解读了芹川村空间形态特征与空间认知的内在联系。结果表明:(1)芹川村空间整合度与空间认知意象呈正相关;(2)芹川村内部空间可理解度较低,很难快速通过局部空间形态理解整体空间布局;(3)村落公共空间认知程度较高,且均布局在芹川溪两侧整合度值偏高的轴线上。针对芹川村空间形态问题和空间认知偏差,从优化村落空间肌理、保持公共空间活性、提取文化景观基因以及完善对外交通网络等角度提出了优化对策。

Traditional villages are historical sediment of natural environment and humanistic environment, and have unique spatial features. Based on the theory of space syntax and cognitive image, and the method of the field investigation this article explains the internal relation between spatial morphological characteristics and spatial cognition of Qinchuan village. The results show that:(1) Spatial integration value of Qinchuan village has positive correlation with the spatial cognitive image;(2) Intelligible degree of internal space of Qinchuan village is low, and it is hard to understand integrated spatial layout through local spatial morphology rapidly;(3)Cognitive degree of public space of village is high, and higher cognitive degree of public space mostly distributes inboth sides of Qinchuan river with high integrated degree. From the view of the spatial morphological problem and spatial cognitive deviation of Qinchuan village, this article proposes optimized countermeasures: optimizing spatial texture of village, keeping vitality of public space, extracting the genes of cultural landscape and perfecting external transport network.