基于“三经普”数据的中国城市群职能特征研究

Research on Functional Characteristics of Chinese Urban Agglomeration Based on the Third National Economic Census Data

在新型城镇化的大背景下,城市群成为推进新型城镇化的重要依托,城市群的职能结构及其合理性对于域内城镇化的职能分工和产业发展规划有着重要意义。文章以《中国新型城镇化发展报告》提出的'5+9+6'的城市群空间格局为背景,采用优化后的Nelson职能分类法对20大城市群进行职能特征的分析,基于规模效益、职能强度和职能多样性三要素,结合职能结构对城市群职能体系特征进行聚类,并根据聚类结果提出相关建议。结论显示:(1)城市群职能规模方面,国家级城市群整体较高,区域级城市群空间分化较为明显,城市群职能规模从沿海到内陆呈现出逐渐减小的趋势。(2)城市群职能强度呈现出东南沿海最高,中部地区城市群较低,西部地区城市群较高,华北城市群强度中等的整体空间分异规律。(3)城市群职能多样性方面,区域级城市群职能多样化指数较高且整体较为均衡;地方级城市群中黔中城市群较低。(4)利用沃德误差聚类法将城市群职能体系分为三大类,各类别城市群职能体系特征差异明显,据各类别差异及问题提出了城市群职能结构优化的相关建议。

Urban agglomerations are currently the main driving force for a new-type urbanization development in China.The functional structure and the rationality of the urban agglomeration are of great significance to the division of functions and industrial development planning in the region. Based on the spatial structure of '5 + 9 + 6' urban agglomerations proposed by the new-type urbanization development report of China, this paper analyzed the functional characteristics of the 20 major urban agglomerations by adopting the optimized Nelson function classification method.The indices of scale benefit, functional strength, functional diversity and functional structure were used to make a cluster analysis of the functional system of urban agglomerations. According to the classification results, it puts forward some suggestions. The conclusions are as follows: In terms of the functional scale, the national urban agglomeration has a larger scale, the functional scale of urban agglomeration gradually decreases from the coast to inland, spatial difference of urban agglomeration at the regional level is relatively obvious. In terms of the functional strength of the urban agglomeration, the sequence(from high to low) is the southeast coastal area, the western region, the north China and the central area r. In terms of the functional diversity of the urban agglomeration, it is relatively higher at the regional level,the Guizhou Central Urban Agglomeration is lower in the prefecture level. According to Ward error clustering method,the functional system of 20 urban agglomerations was divided into three major categories. Aiming at the different characteristics of each category, it puts forward the corresponding suggestions.