基于公交刷卡数据的武汉市职住通勤特征研究

Research on Job-Housing and Commuting in Wuhan based on Bus Smart Card Data

通勤出行和职住关系对于理解城市空间结构和职住组织模式具有重要意义。基于公交刷卡数据,以武汉市主城区和都市发展区为研究区,通过构建出行模型和职住地识别规则,识别了职住通勤群体,从职住密度、通勤时间与距离、通勤流向和可视化等方面对武汉市的通勤出行和职住平衡进行测度,并识别了武汉市的职住通勤模式。结果表明:①核心城区的职住密度明显高于其它城区,承载着较多的居住和就业人口;②通勤距离与时间具有核心—外围—边缘的递增模式;③城市主要通勤流位于核心城区和外围城区;④职住通勤模式总体可以概括为核心—外围—边缘的单中心向内通勤模式,越往外围区域越呈现职住错位的趋势。

Commuting and the relationship between job and housing are of great significance for understanding the urban spatial structure and the pattern of job-housing organization.Taking Wuhan city center and urban development zone as study area,this paper identifies home and work groups,which are generated by some measures such as building travel models and recognition rules for job-housing place based on bus smart card data.From the aspects of job-housing density,commuting distance and time,dominant commuting flows and visualization,etc.,it measures job-housing balance and commuting patterns in Wuhan.Results indicate that:Firstly,the density of job-housing in the core urban area carrying more residential and employed population is significantly higher than other urban areas;Secondly,commuting distance and time show an increasing pattern on core-periphery-edge urban area level.Thirdly,the dominant commuting flows are located in the core and periphery urban areas.Finally,overall job-housing and commuting modes can be summarized as a core-periphery-edge single-center inward pattern,the trend of job-housing spatial mismatch phenomenon is more and more apparent as the direction moves outward from the core urban area.