中国污染产业强度划分与区际转移路径

Interregional Transfer Path of Pollution Industry in China

以工业三废和SO^2的排放量数据为基础,通过测算污染排放强度系数将38个产业划分为重度、中度、轻度污染产业和清洁产业四大类型,分别从中选取代表性产业,以全国30个省市的面板数据为基础,采用偏离份额法测算中国2000—2015年各类污染产业的时空转移特征。研究表明,中国重、中、轻度污染产业在2000—2015年都发生了转移,且阶段性特征比较明显,2000—2005、2006—2010、2011—2015年呈现出不同的转移路径。总体而言,东部沿海和东北地区都是污染产业转出区,重度污染产业的转入地呈现去中心化特征;中度污染产业和轻度污染产业向中部地区集聚的现象比较明显。随着经济水平的提高,各地环保意识逐渐增强,污染产业发展受到有效控制,承接污染产业转入的地区正在不断减少。

Based on the emission intensity coefficient of three industrial wastes and sulphur dioxide,38 industries are divided into four types:heavy,medium and light pollution industries and cleaning industries.Based on panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China,and then selecting some representative industries,this paper analyzes the time and space relocation characteristics of various pollution industries in China from 2000 to 2015 applying the deviation share method.The research shows that the heavy,medium and light pollution industries in China have shifted from 2000 to 2015,and the stage characteristics are obvious.There are different relocation characteristics in 2000-2005,2006-2010 and 2011-2015 year.Generally speaking,the eastern coastal areas and northeastern areas are the transfer-out areas of polluting industries,and the transfer-in areas of heavy polluting industries are decentralized;moderate and light polluting industries transfer to the central region,which is more obvious.With the improvement of economic level,the awareness of environmental protection has been gradually strengthened,the development of pollution industry has been effectively controlled,and the number of regions undertaking pollution industries is decreasing.