珠三角旅游资源竞争力与旅游业发展水平的效度分析

Validity Analysis of Tourism Resources Competitiveness and Tourism Development Level in Pearl River Delta

珠三角区间旅游资源评价选取8个指标,8个指标分重点景区、综合景区和特色景区三种类型;旅游业发展水平评价从旅游市场、旅游企业状况、社会环境状况三个方面选取了5个评价指标,然后利用熵权和TOPSIS法对珠三角区间旅游资源竞争力与旅游业发展水平进行绩效对比,研究表明:①具有稀缺性且较高等级旅游资源的城市竞争力单向排名靠前,但综合排名不一定靠前,如江门因为有世界遗产,所以在重点景区层次权重获得最大值,但江门旅游资源整体竞争力却排第四。②珠三角城市旅游资源综合竞争力排名最高的为深圳,其次为广州,两地并列为旅游资源第一等级;惠州、江门、肇庆3城市以自然旅游资源为主,竞争力得分值低于1.5,高于1.0,可归为第二等级;佛山、东莞、珠海、中山为旅游资源欠缺地区,得分值都低于1.0,为第三等级。③广州、深圳旅游业发展水平最高,珠海与江门次之,Ci值都在0.25以上,且非常接近;肇庆、惠州、佛山、东莞Ci值都低于0.2,中山排最后;④旅游资源开发效度最好的是珠海、广州,两者效度值G都达到2,深圳次之,超过1,说明旅游资源与旅游业匹配非常好;江门、东莞、佛山、肇庆4城市G值超过0.5,中山、惠州2城市G值排名最后,低于0.5,以上6个城市旅游业发展水平都未能匹配好当地旅游资源价值,旅游业还可以大力开发与建设。

Eight indicators are selected for the evaluation of tourism resources in the Pearl River Delta,which are divided into three types:key scenic spots,comprehensive scenic spots and characteristic scenic spots.Five evaluation indicators are selected for the evaluation of tourism development level from three aspects:tourism market,tourism enterprises and social environment.Then this study applies the entropy weight method and TOPSIS method to measure the competitiveness of tourism resources and tourism development level.The results are as follows:1)The urban competitiveness of city with scarce and high-level tourism resources which one-way ranking is not proportional to its comprehensive ranking is Jiangmen.2)Shenzhen ranked highest in the tourism resource competitiveness of Pearl River Delta region,the next is Guangzhou,they are both in high level on the comprehensive competitiveness;Huizhou,Jiangmen and Zhaoqing have lots of natural tourism resources and their competitiveness scores are between 1.5 and 1,which is in middle level;Foshan,Dongguan,Zhuhai and Zhongshan which scores are lower than 1 are lack of tourism resources.3)The tourism development level in Guangzhou and Shenzhen is the highest,Zhuhai and Jiangmen close to them,their Civalues are all above 0.25.Zhaoqing,Huizhou,Foshan and Dongguan are all below 0.2,Zhongshan ranks last.4)The development validity of tourism resources is the best in Zhuhai and Guangzhou which validity values are both above 2,the next is Shenzhen which value is 1,it indicates that tourism resources and tourism industry are in a good match in these three cities;Zhongshan and Huizhou are both less than 0.5 and rank last,the tourism industry is not up to the actual tourism resources in Jiangmen,Dongguan,Foshan,Zhaoqing,Zhongshan and Huizhou,the tourism industry should be developed and constructed vigorously.