技术进步偏向、劳动力结构与行业工资差距

Biased Technological Progress,Labor Structure and Industry Wage Gap

笔者在CES生产函数下构建技术进步偏向、劳动力结构对工资差距影响的理论框架,利用1987年~2011年中国工业行业数据进行实证计量分析。研究结果表明,技能劳动与非技能劳动之间是替代关系;在工业化进程中,大多数行业的技术进步大致偏向技能劳动力,其中,非金属制品业的技能偏向型技术进步最明显。同时,劳动力结构变化和贸易自由化有利于缩小行业工资差距,技能偏向型技术进步、外商直接投资和资本深化均扩大了行业工资差距。

This paper builds a theoretical framework for biased technological progress,labor structure and wage inequality according to the CES production function,and estimates its econometric equation system for Chinese industry over period 1987-2011. The analysis results show that the relationship of skilled labor and unskilled labor is alternative. The industrial technological progress is biased skilled labor,and the most obvious is the non-metal products industry. Meanwhile,the structure of labor and trade liberalization helps narrow the wage gap. Skill-biased technological progress,foreign direct investment and capital deepening can expand the wage gap.