中西部及东北地区工业结构升级研究

Study on the Industrial Structural Upgrading of the Central,Western and Northeastern Regions

改革开放以来,中西部及东北地区的工业发展主要以资源型产业和能源供应业为主,在工业结构与市场化两方面均滞后于东部地区。基于中西部及东北地区41个细分工业部门的工业结构合理化水平,对中西部及东北地区21个省区市的市场化程度进行了测算和分析。研究发现:市场化程度高的省份,工业结构的合理化水平也较高。二者内外共同作用,相辅相成,能够加快推动工业结构升级。因此,在供给侧结构性改革中,煤炭开采和洗选业以及黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业等7个产能过剩工业应以行政手段和市场化手段相结合的方式来化解过剩产能,要加快制造业发展、加强金融体系建设、重视废弃资源综合利用业、提高劳动生产率,以及分层次推进现代经济体系建设等。

Since the reform and opening-up,the central,western and northeastern regions have lagged behind both in the industrial structure and in the marketization because of their industrial layout characterized with the resource-based industry and energy supply industry.First of all,we aggregate the optimization index of 41 industries’industrial structure index.Then we calculate the marketization index of the central,western and northeastern regions.Our finding is that the higher the marketization index is,the higher the optimization index of the industrial structure,that is to say,the mutual effect can promote the industrial structural upgrading.Therefore,in the process of the supply-side structural reform,the seven over-capacity industries such as the coal mining and dressing industry as well as the smelting and pressing of ferrous metals industry should continue de-capacity by means of marketization in combination with executive commands to promote the industrial upgrading.In the meantime,some suggestions are put forward including enhancing the manufacturing industry,the financial system construction,the comprehensive utilization of waste resources,and increasing the labor productivity,as well as promoting the three-tier modern economic system construction.