粮食主产区农户耕地质量保护情况调查研究——基于吉林省446户样本的分析

Investigation and Study on the Quality Protection of Farmers' Farmland in the Main Grain Producing Areas——Based on the Analysis of 446 Samples from Jilin Province

耕地是保证国家食物供给和粮食安全不可替代的资源。基于"农户—政府—第三方主体"耕地质量保护主体三维坐标,从地理区位差异、地块数量差异、耕地面积差异、生态认知差异等角度分析,粮食主产区农户耕地质量保护行为呈现如下特征:不同地理区位农户耕地质量保护行为差异显著;地块数量与农户耕地质量保护行为呈倒"U"形关系;耕地规模与农户耕地质量保护行为呈近似线性关系;生态认知对农户耕地质量保护行为起到决定性作用。因此,应推广"种养结合"的农户微观经营模式;健全土地流转市场,适时推出进城落户农户土地承包权退出机制;完善服务组织载体,加快农户嵌入农业现代化进程;强化耕地保护相关主体的责任意识。

Cultivated land is an irreplaceable resource to ensure national food supply and food security.Based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the'farmer-government-third party'of cultivated land quality protection,from the perspectives of geographical location difference,land quantity difference,cultivated land area difference,and ecological cognition difference,the farmland quality protection behavior of the main grain producing areas’ characteristics are listed below. There are significant differences in farmland quality protection behavior among different geographical locations;the number of plots and the farmer’s farmland quality protection behaviors are inverted U-shaped;the scale of cultivated land is similar to the farmer’s cultivated land quality protection behavior;the ecological cognition plays a decisive role on the farmer’s quality of cultivated land protection behaviors. Therefore,it is necessary to promote the micro-business model of 'planting and breeding'farmers;improve the land transfer market,timely introduce the exit mechanism for land contracting rights of farmers settled in cities;improve the service organization carrier,accelerate the embedding of farmers into the process of agricultural modernization;and strengthen the relevant subjects’ sense of responsibility of cultivated land.