我国服务消费增长的阶段定位和政策选择——基于代表性发达国家服务消费增长规律

Stage Positioning and Policy Choice of China's Service Consumption Growth——Based on the Law of Service Consumption Growth of Representative Developed Countries

进入中等收入阶段后,美国等发达国家服务消费增长呈现一系列规律:服务消费比重随人均GDP增长持续上升,服务消费比重提高与服务业发展水平密切相关,发展型和享受型服务消费成为服务消费结构调整的驱动力,服务消费升级与服务业发展之间互促共进,中等收入群体成为服务消费扩大和升级的主导力量。对比发现,我国正处在服务消费与商品消费并行推动消费增长的阶段,教育文化娱乐消费是服务消费的第一大支出,服务消费比重与发达国家相同发展阶段的水平存在一定差距,但服务消费需求的扩大面临有利条件。为此,要进一步推动服务消费与商品消费的互动融合,加强对服务消费发展的分类指导,深化服务消费领域的准入和监管改革,完善服务消费配套设施建设,加快建立服务消费统计体系。

After entering the middle-income stage,the growth of service consumption in typical developed countries such as the U.S. presents a series of common features. The rise of service consumption ratio is accompanied with the growth of per capita GDP. The rise of service consumption ratio is closely related to the development level of service industry. The service consumption which satisfied the demand of self-development and enjoyment has become the main driving force of the change of service consumption structure. The change of service consumption structure and the development of service industry are mutually promoted. The middle-income group is the dominant force in the expansion and upgrading of service consumption. Considering China’s situation,service consumption and commodity consumption are jointly pushing ahead with consumption growth. Education,culture and entertainment consumption is the first expenditure of service consumption. Although the service consumption ratio is lagging behind that of typical developed countries in terms of the same development stage,the expansion of service consumption demand is facing favorable conditions. Therefore,we need to further promote the interactive integration of service consumption and commodity consumption,strengthen the adaptive guidance tailored to service consumption development,deepen the reform of market access and supervision related with service consumption,improve the construction of supporting facilities for service consumption and accelerate the establishment of service consumption statistics system.