新中国70年对外贸易的成就、经验及影响

Achievements,Experience and Influence of Opening to the Outside World in the Past 70 Years since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China

新中国成立70年来,始终坚持独立自主、互利共赢的原则,通过不断探索中国特色的对外开放之路,实现了由传统封闭社会向现代开放社会的重大转变。在特定历史条件下,1978年之前的对外开放受限多、规模小、发展慢。1978年之后,对外开放为我国经济增长和结构转型注入了持久的动力和活力,取得了举世瞩目的发展成就,形成了由渐进推进到全面升级的中国开放模式。特色鲜明的中国开放道路及'以开放促改革促发展'的经验丰富了人类社会开放发展的理论和实践,对世界经济和国际秩序产生了日益深远的影响。进入新时代,面对复杂的外部环境及国内主要矛盾变化,要着力推动由商品和要素流动型开放向规则制度型开放转变,不断提升全球治理能力,坚定维护开放型世界经济,加快形成全面开放新格局。

Ever since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago,China has always adhered to independence,mutual benefit and win-win principle.Through the continuous exploration of the road of opening up with Chinese characteristics,great transformation has been realized from a traditional closed society to a modern open economy in China.Under certain historical conditions,the opening up to the outside world before 1978 was limited,slow in relatively small scale.After 1978,the market-oriented opening up to the outside world injected a lasting impetus and vitality into China’s economic development and structural transformation and achieved remarkable and exceptional achievements with the Chinese open model from gradual advancement to comprehensive upgrading.China’s distinctive open roads and experience with the effect of open to promote reform and development not only have enriched the theory and practice of open development worldwide,but also have had a far-reaching impact on the global economy and the international order.Entering the New Era,facing the uncertainty of the external environment and the change of major contradiction in China,it calls for the Chinese government to focus on promoting the transition from commodity-based and factor-based openness to rules and other institutional openness,continuously improve global governance capabilities,and firmly safeguard the world’s open economy and accelerate the formation of fully open new pattern.