新中国成立以来我国国有企业的发展历程与经验

Development Course and Experience of State-Owned Enterprises in China since the Founding of New China

新中国成立以来,我国国有企业快速发展,并在经济发展过程中起到主导作用。从国有企业发展历程看,大致可分为改革开放前30年和改革开放后40年两个阶段。国有企业发展成功经验可以总结为:坚持在社会主义框架内发展和改革国有企业,始终注重发挥国有企业对经济发展的主导作用;坚持与时俱进,高度注重国有企业发展与宏观环境相契合;高度重视企业保值增值能力的提升,努力谋求生产效率的提高;坚持党的领导,构建适合国有企业发展的独特治理结构。以混合所有制和国有资产管理体制转变为主要内容的新一轮国有企业改革,能有效促进政企分开,解决制约国有企业生产效率的体制机制问题,进一步促进国有企业健康发展。

Since the founding of New China,China’s state-owned enterprises have developed rapidly and played a leading role in China’s economic development.From the perspective of the development process of state-owned enterprises,it can be roughly divided into two stages:30 years before the reform and opening up and 40 years after the reform and opening up.Successful experiences in the development of state-owned enterprises in China can be summarized as follows:insisting on developing and reforming state-owned enterprises within the framework of socialism,always focusing on giving full play to the leading role of state-owned enterprises in economic development;keeping pace with the times,attaching great importance to the compatibility between the development of state-owned enterprises and the macro-environment;attaching great importance to the enhancement of enterprises’value-preserving and value-adding capabilities,and striving for the Leaders should build a unique governance structure suitable for the development of state-owned enterprises.A new round of reform of state-owned enterprises,with mixed ownership and the transformation of state-owned assets management system as its main contents,can effectively promote the separation of government and enterprises,and hopefully effectively solve the problems of system and mechanism that lead to relatively low production efficiency of state-owned enterprises,thus effectively promote the development of state-owned enterprises.