全球化背景下的区域可持续发展问题探讨

Issues of regional sustainable development in globalization context

世界经济进入全球化时代的两个突出特征就是贸易自由化和生产国际化。贸易自由化在许多方面与可持续发展的目标相背离。国际贸易依赖于化石能源的支持,并倾向于将成本外部化来获得比较优势;贸易自由化促进了经济流量的增加,有加速自然资本消耗的倾向;通过自由贸易可以暂时缓解区域发展的资源压力,但会因此而导致局部问题的扩大化。生产国际化过程促进了国际贸易并加速国际资本流动,加深了地球资源环境压力;跨国公司在全球化生产过程中追逐成本外部化,并通过在海外生产基地传播了大量生产—大量消费—大量废弃的线性模式,对全球生态系统恶化负有责任;跨国公司以追求利润最大化为目标,对东道国区域经济的带动能力是有限的。在分析全球化背景下的区域可持续障碍因素基础上,本文最后指出了全球化背景下的我国可持续发展的战略思考方向。

Features of trade liberalization and production internationalization stand out when the world economy turns into globalization. However, trade liberalization goes away from the main aim of sustainable development in many aspects for the reason that international trade depends on the support of fossil energy and is inclined to externalized cost in order to get comparative advantages; trade liberalization promotes economic volumes and depletes natural resources; and free trade may be releasing temporarily the pressure of resources white bring about local crisis further. Production liberalization would promote international trade and accelerate fund flows that deepen the pressure of resources and environment of the earth; multinational corporations chase after cost externality in the process of globalization and spread the linear pattern of mass-produce, mass-consume, mass-waste over the world that would be responsible for the deterioration of ecosystem; and which multi-national corporations chase after maximum profits would limit the local economic development. Based on analyzing barriers of sustainable development in the context of globalization, this paper finally sets forth the strategies for sustainable development of China.