石化装置危险有害因素浅析

Discuss on the hazards in petrochemical equipments

石油化工装置工艺流程复杂,设备操作多在高温高压下进行,生产所涉及物料等多为有毒有害。作者分析了常见工艺过程的危险性及石化工业主要物料烃类和氢气的火灾爆炸危险性,火灾爆炸是石化装置的危险特点,简述了原油、烷烃、环烷烃、天然气的毒性危害,指出存在的噪声、放射性、机械伤害、触电等危险有害因素,并对装置主要部位进行了危险区域划分。

Petrochemical Equipments had complex process flow;equipment operation carried out under the high temperature and high pressure;many materials involved in the production were of toxic and harmful.This paper analysed the risks of common process and the risk of fire and explosion of hydrocarbons and hydrogen,which are the main materials of petrochemical industry.Fire and explosion are dangerous characteristics of petrochemical plant.This paper also introduced briefly toxicity of the crude oil,paraffin,naphthene,natural gas,pointed out the harmful factors existing noise,radiation,mechanical injury,electric shock danger,etc.Final the main parts of the equipment are classified hazardous area.