本科护生积极心理品质现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of character strengths among nursing students

目的:调查本科护生积极心理品质的现状,分析影响其形成的主要因素。方法:采用一般资料问卷、积极心理品质量表、大学生主观幸福感量表、艾森克人格问卷对3所院校的704名护生进行积极心理品质现状调查及影响因素分析。结果:护生积极心理品质得分从高到低为:公民责任(4.107±0.563)、仁慈与感恩(3.950±0.542)、勤学(3.826±0.515)、心胸开阔(3.815±0.493)、真诚(3.752±0.477);维度得分从高到低为:人际(3.838±0.407)、节制(3.613±0.401)、智慧(3.528±0.417)。护生积极心理品质现状总体水平良好,在年级、是否学生干部等方面有显著差异(F=2.554~8.065,P<0.05),主观幸福感(社会性行为、自我满意、积极情绪)、人格评分(精神质、掩饰性)、年级、是否学生干部等因素共同解释积极心理品质节制维度的44.9%(F=56.283,P<0.05)、人际维度的48.5%(F=110.000,P<0.05)、智慧维度的60.1%(F=130.137,P<0.05)。结论:积极心理品质的形成受多种因素的影响,年级、是否学生干部、人格、主观幸福感等是积极心理品质形成的主要因素。

Objective:To investigate the status of nursing students’ character strengths and analyze the main factors affecting their formation.Methods:Totally 704 students were investigated using the Character Strengths Questionnaire,Subjective Well-Being Inventory,the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale For Chinese(EPQRSC).Results:The top five highest character strengths were citizenship(4.107±0.563),mercy and gratitude(3.950±0.542),studying(3.826±0.515),open-mindedness(3.815±0.493),integrity(3.752±0.477).and the highest of dimensions was interpersonal(3.838±0.407),followed by temperance(3.613±0.401),wisdom(3.528±0.417);There were significant differences in grade,student leaders,loving(F=2.554~8.065,P<0.05).Subjective well-being,Eysenck personality,grade,student leaders explained the character strengths temperance,interpersonal,wisdom respectively 44.9%(F=56.283,P<0.05),48.5%(F=110.000,P<0.05),and 60.1%(F=130.137,P<0.05).Conclusion:The formation of character strengths is influenced by many factors,and grade,student leaders,personality,positive experiences such as subjective well-being are the main factors.