某武警院校学员心理健康与职业压力关系

Relationship between mental health and occupational stress of students in a CAPF school

目的:了解武警院校学员心理健康及职业压力状况,分析职业压力对心理健康的影响。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法抽取某武警院校263名学员,使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和军人职业压力量表进行调查。结果:武警院校学员SCL-90总分及因子分均低于军人常模(t=-16.791^-10.321,P<0.001),心理问题发生率为7.6%,主要表现在强迫症状、人际关系敏感因子上。农村组学员人际关系敏感因子得分高于城市组(t=2.244,P<0.05);不同年龄、军龄组学员躯体化因子得分存在显著差异(F=3.349,3.834;P<0.05),≤19岁、≤2年军龄组学员躯体化因子得分分别高于20~24岁、3~4年军龄组。职业压力量表总分及各因子得分均低于常模(t=-30.996^-7.039,P<0.001),个人发展、经济压力和军旅特殊生活的压力问题列前三位。SCL-90总分与职业压力总分及各因子分均存在显著相关(r=0.384~0.620,P<0.01)。回归分析表明,人际关系、婚姻家庭、经济压力、角色不清因子对武警学员心理健康水平具有显著预测作用(sβ=0.540,0.213,0.179,-0.165;P<0.05;R2=0.429)。结论:该武警院校学员心理健康状态较好,职业压力水平较低。

Objective:To understand the states of mental health and occupational stress of students in CAPF school,and analyze the influence of occupational stress on mental health.Methods:Random cluster sampling method was used to collect 263 students from a CAPF school.They were investigated by SCL-90 and military occupational stress scale.Results:The total score and factor scores of SCL-90 in the CAPF School were lower than those of the military norm(t=-16.791^-10.321,P<0.001).The incidence of psychological problems was 7.6%,mainly manifested in compulsive symptoms and interpersonal sensitivity.The factor score of interpersonal sensitivity in the rural group was higher than that in the urban group(t=2.244,P<0.05).There were significant differences in the somatization factor scores among different age or enlisting year group(F=3.349,3.834;P<0.05).The somatization factor scores in the groups who are less than 19 years old and enlist less than 2 years were higher than those in the 20~24 year-old and 3~4 enlisting year group.The total score of the occupational stress scale and all factor scores were lower than the norm(t=-30.996^-7.039,P<0.001),and the top three stress problems were personal development,economic pressure and the special life in the army.The total score of SCL-90 had significant correlation with the total score of occupational stress,as well as the scores of all factors(r=0.384~0.620,P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that interpersonal relationship,marriage and family,economic pressure and role ambiguity had a significant predictive effect on the mental health of CAPF students(β=0.540,0.213,0.179,-0.165;R2=0.429;P<0.05;).Conclusion:The CAPF students have better mental health and lower occupational stress level.