1Wischmeyer PE, Weitzel L, Mercaldi K,et al. Characteristics andcurrent practice of parenteral nutrition in hospitalized patients.JPEN,2012,36(5) :113-118.
2Walshe C , Bourke J, Lynch M, et al. Culture positivity of CVCsused for TPN: Investigation of an association with catheter-relatedinfection and comparison of causative organisms between ICU andNon-ICU CVCs. J Nutr Metab,2012 ,2012 : 1-7.
3Hoang V,Sills J,Chandler M,et al. Percutaneously inserted cen-tral catheter for total parenteral nutrition in neonates : complica-tions rates related to upper versus lower extremity insertion. Pedi-atrics,2008 ,121 (5) :ell52-1159.
5Kuwahara T, Asanami S,Tamura T,et al. Effects of pH and os-molality on phlebitic potential of infusion solutions for peripheralparenteral nutrition. J Toxicol Sci, 1998 ,23 ( 1) :77-85.
6Kamel AO,Awad GA,Geneidi AS,et al. Preparation of intrave-nous stealthy acyclovir nanoparticles with increased mean resi-dence time. AAPS PharmSci Tech,2009,10(4) : 1427-1436.
7Kuwahara TKS,Sawamoto 0. Cyclic infusion is effective in reduc-ing phlebitis caused by peripheral parenteral nutrition solutions :An experimental study in rabbits. The European e-Journal of Clin-ical Nutrition and Metabolism,2009 ,40(6) :344-347.
8Caccese R,Carfagna P,Pistilli N,et al. Candidal thrombophlebitisof central veins : case report and review. Med Mycol, 2012 , 50(3):299-304.