四川地区花斑糠疹患者马拉色菌菌种分布情况及体外药敏实验

Distribution ofMalassezia species in patients with pityriasis versicolor in Sichuan Province and drug sensitivity test in vitro

目的:鉴定花斑糠疹患者马拉色菌属的菌种构成,分析不同临床表现皮损的菌种分布情况。方法:刮取皮损处标本接种于改良的Leeming和Notman培养基。菌株通过生化方法鉴定。使用临床实验室标准研究所M27-A3方案对马拉色菌菌株进行体外药敏试验。结果:收集的200个样本中,73%来自男性,26%来自女性,好发年龄为21至30岁。最多见菌种为合轴马拉色菌(50%),继而是糠秕马拉色菌(32.86)、球形马拉色菌(14.28%)和斯洛菲马拉色菌(2.86%)。色素减退性皮损占74%,色素增加性皮损占26%。合轴与糠秕马拉色菌为色素减退性皮损最常见病原菌,球形和斯洛菲马拉色菌为色素沉着性皮损最常见病原菌。大多数菌种对抗真菌药物敏感。结论:合轴马拉色菌是引起花斑糠疹最常见病原菌。色素减退和色素沉着性花斑糠疹的菌种分布存在差异。改良的Leeming和Notman培养基可以用于马拉色菌的抗真菌药敏试验。

Objective:To identify Malassezia species isolated from pityriasis versicolor patients and to find out any correlation between the species with different clinical presentation of lesion.Methods:The clinical specimens were collected and subjected to culture on modified Leeming and Notman medium.The isolates were identified by biochemical tests.Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute M27-A3 protocol for Malassezia species was carried out for drug sensitivity test in vitro.Result:Of the 200 cases,73% were males,26% were females and predominant age group was 21-30 years.The most common isolate was M.sympodialis(50%),followed by M.furfur(32.86%),M.globosa(14.28%)and M.slooffiae(2.86%).Among 200 cases,74% had hypopigmented and 26% had hyperpigmented lesion.M.sympodialis and M.furur were predominantly isolated from hypopigmented lesion and M.globosa and M.slooffiae were found to be more common in hyperpigmented lesion.Most of the Malassezia species are sensitive to antifungal medicine.Conclusion:M.sympodialis was the most common isolate in pityriasis versicolor.There was difference in distribution of different species in patients with hypo or hyper pigmented lesions.Modified Leeming and Notman medium may be used for antifungal susceptibility testing of Malassezia.