抗感冒药物成分的药理特征及其临床用药分析

Pharmacological characteristics and clinical analysis of anti cold drugs

目的:分析抗感冒药物成分的药理特征及其临床用药效果。方法:随机抽取500份本院自2017年1月到2017年12月开具的抗感冒处方,对所有抗感冒处方中的感冒药物处方中的药理特征进行分析,同时分析临床用药效果。结果:500份抗感冒处方中,存在不合理感冒用药处方有83份(16.7%),其中包括31份(6.2%)为感冒药物使用不对症处方、52份(10.4%)为感染药物重复处方。感染药物重复处方发生率明显高于感冒药物使用不对症处方发生率(P<0.05)。417份抗感冒药物处方中双扑伪麻分散片应用率50.8%最高,之后依次为复方盐酸伪麻黄碱缓释胶囊28.8%;复方甲氧那明胶囊12.7%;酚麻美敏3.6%;布洛芬缓释胶囊3.4%;酚咖片0.7%。以上药物的药理成份包括收缩血管类、镇咳及袪痰类、抗病毒类、解热解痛类等。结论:在临床治疗感冒症状时,医护人员应全面了解抗感冒药物的药理特征及成分,根据患者实际病情,给予相应的抗感冒处方药物,以降低不合理用药现象发生概率。

Objective:To analyze the pharmacological characteristics and clinical effects of anti cold drugs.Methods:500 prescriptions of anti cold prescriptions in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were randomly selected,and the pharmacological characteristics of the prescription of cold drugs in all anti cold prescriptions were analyzed,and the effect of clinical medication was analyzed.Result:Of the 500 anti cold prescriptions,there were 83 prescriptions for the existence of irrational colds(16.7%),including 31(6.2%)prescriptions for the use of cold drugs and 52(10.4%)as the repeated prescriptions for the infection drugs.The incidence of repeated prescriptions of infectious drugs was significantly higher than that of cold medicines(P<0.05).The application rate of Dispersible Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride Compound Tablets was 50.8% of the 417 anti cold drugs,followed by Compound Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride Sustained Release Capsules 28.8%,Compound Methoxyphenamine Capsules 12.7%,phenol Ma Min Min 3.6%,Ibuprofen Sustained-Release Capsules 3.4% and Paracetamol and Caffeine Tablets 0.7%.The pharmacological ingredients of these drugs include vasoconstrictor,antitussive and expectorant,antiviral,antipyretic,analgesic and so on.Conclusion:In the clinical treatment of cold symptoms,medical staff should fully understand the pharmacological characteristics and components of anti cold drugs,according to the actual condition of the patient,give corresponding anti cold prescription drugs,in order to reduce the probability of irrational drug use.