2011-2015年我国工作场所液氨事故统计分析研究

Statistical Analysis on Liquid Ammonia Accidents of Workplace in China during 2011-2015

为掌握我国工作场所液氨事故的发生规律,采用柱状图、饼图和事故发生趋势图等方法对2011-2015年工作场所液氨事故进行统计与分析,获得了行业分布、事故次数年度分布、死亡人数年度分布、事故次数发生趋势、地区分布、不同事故类型事故等级分布、事故原因分布等统计特征,并对其统计数据逐一进行了分析.结果表明,工作场所液氨事故主要发生在食品、化工、冶金等行业,并以食品行业为主;主要集中在中东部地区;多为一般事故,重大和特别重大事故较少;中毒和窒息事故较多,爆炸事故较少;人为因素、材料失效和设备故障是工作场所液氨事故的主要原因.分析结果为涉氨企业安全监督与管理提供了有力依据,有效促进涉氨企业健康发展.

To grasp the rules of liquid ammonia accidents of work place in China,liquid ammonia accidents of work place during 2011-2015 are statistically analyzed with histogram method, pie chart method and accident trends chart method. Statistical characteristics of those accidents such as industry distribution,annual distribution of accidents number,annual distribution of deaths number,development trend of accidents number,region distribution,accident grade distribution and accident cause distribution are obtained,and the statistical data are analyzed one by one. The results show that liquid ammonia accidents of work place are mainly concentrated in food,chemical and metallurgical industries,and mainly in the food industry; mainly concentrated in the central and eastern regions;more than general accidents, major and special major accidents are less; poisoning and suffocation accidents are more,the explosion is less; human factors,material failure and equipment fault is the main reason for liquid ammonia accidents of workplace. The analysis results provide a strong basis for the safety supervision and management of ammonia related enterprises,and effectively promote the healthy development of the enterprise.