向日葵胞质雄性不育系选育方法的探讨

STUDY ON SELECTING METHODS OF DEVELOPING CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILE LINE INSUNFLOWER

本文论述了利用核质互作型杂交种作种质源合成保持系,转育不育系的新方法。首先用核质互作型杂交种与保持型的自交系杂交获得三交种,然后选株自交并以此为轮回亲本与相应的杂交种F_2分离出的不育株进行回交。直到各性状稳定为止。试验结果表明,回交后代中A 系的育性分离符合一对显性恢复基因的理论分布比例。在测交的后代A 株系的不育率为100%者,以后回交世代不表现育性分离现象。这一方法不但能培育出新的不育系,而且为杂交种作为种质源利用开辟了一个途径。它对于提高育种材料的结实率、含油率以及对病害的抗性将会收到良好的效果。

A new method of developing Sunflower cytoplasmic male sterile(cms)line was reported in this paper.Hybrid on the basis of Cmsline was used as germplasm source to develop B-line and as Cmssource to develop Cms line.First of all,three-way hybrids wereobtained by crossing the hybrid with a maintainer,and then selectionfor selling was made to get recurrent parent plants which wasbackcrossed with Cms plants segregating from corresponding F_2 line,untill the progeny was genetically similar to the recurrent parentexcept that it was male sterile.The results showed that segregatingratio of fertility of backerossing pro-genies in A-line fitted thetheoretical distribution of a single dominant gene.All plants inA-strains were sterile in testing cross progenies,and fertility segrega-tion did not occure in su-bsequent backcrossing progenies.Thismethod can be used to de-velop new Cms Iines,it provided a new wayto use hybrids as ger-mplasms.It can be used to increase seed set,oil content,and resistance to diseases of the breeding materials.