大豆茎节间长度的遗传及其与其他性状的关系

THE INHERITANCE OF STEM INTERNODE LENGTH AND RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER CHARACTERS OF SOYBEAN

本文以无限×亚有限(Ⅰ·Ⅱ)、无限×无限(Ⅰ·Ⅰ)及亚有限×亚有限(Ⅱ·Ⅱ)三种类型16个大豆组合为材料,研究大豆植株节间长度的遗传及其与其他性状的关系。试验结果表明:各类组合的F_1和F_2代节间长度最高值均在Ⅰ_15节。Ⅰ·Ⅰ和Ⅱ·Ⅱ组合超亲类型均大于Ⅰ·Ⅱ组合,倾亲类型均少于Ⅰ·Ⅱ组合。Ⅰ·Ⅱ组合亲本植株下部,上部节间长度与F_1和F_2代每节荚数呈显著、极显著正相关。Ⅰ·Ⅰ组合亲本植株中节间长度与F_1和F_2代每节荚数呈显著、极显著正相关。Ⅱ·Ⅱ组合亲本植株中下部、上部节间长度与F_1和F_2代每节荚数呈显著、极显著正相关。各类型组合F_1和F_2代各节节间长度均表现遗传力较高。说明每节节间长度是一个比较稳定的性状,从早代就可选择。

Three types of sixteen soybean crosses including indeterminate×semideterminate(Ⅰ·Ⅱ)、indeterminate×indeterminate (Ⅰ·Ⅰ) and semideterminate×semi-determinate(Ⅱ·Ⅱ)Were used for investigation of the inheritance of internode length and the relationships with other characters. The results indicated that the length internodes Ⅰ_(15) was the longest of F_1 and F_2 populations for all crosses. The numbers of transgressive-parent types Ⅰ·Ⅰ and Ⅱ·Ⅱ crosses were larger than that of type Ⅰ·Ⅱ crosses, but the mid-parent types were fewer than type Ⅰ·Ⅱ crosses, The internode length, at low and up parts of type Ⅰ·Ⅱ cross, at the middle part of tyPe Ⅰ·Ⅰ cross, at the mid-low and up parts of type Ⅱ·Ⅱ crosse, of parent plants had significant and highly significant positive correlations with number of pods per node of F_1 and F_2 populations respectively. Inheritance of internode length is relatively high for all three types of crosses, indicating that the character is stable and can be selected at early generations.