吉林省西部地区干旱时空分布特征及风险评估

Spatial-Temporal Characteristics and Risk Evaluation of Drought in West of Jilin Province

利用吉林省西部1961~2013年11站逐日气温、降水资料,对西部地区作物生长季的干旱时空分布特征、干旱风险进行了分析。结果表明:西部地区干旱在空间分布上呈西重东轻的特点;在作物生长季内,4~5月和9月干旱发生频率较高,7月发生频率最低;21世纪以来为西部地区干旱的高发期,干旱达到历史最高水平;白城地区大部为干旱的高风险区,松原地区西部为次高风险区,其他地区大部为较高风险区。由于西部地区大部分地方干旱风险都较高,应采取重点防御、大力推广抗旱农业生产技术、加大人工增雨投入力度等措施,从而科学防旱减灾。

Spatial-temporal characteristics and risk evaluation of drought in crop growing season were analyzed by using the daily temperature and precipitation of 11 meteorological stations in west of Jilin Province from 1961 to 2013. The results showed that drought in west of Jilin Province was more serious in the west than in the east. During the growing season, drought frequency was higher on April, May and September,the lowest frequency on July. The drought in west of Jilin Province is getting into high occurrence period since the beginning of this century, the drought reached record levels. Most parts of Baicheng are the high risk areas of drought, west of Songyuan are the sub-high risk areas of drought, most parts of other area are the higher risk areas of drought. Because drought risk in most parts of western Jilin Province is higher, measures should be taken for lay stress on key points, widespread agricultural drought resistant technology vigorously, and enhancing investment in artificial precipitation in order to resistant drought scientifically.