我国北方寒冷地区梨杂种苗提早结果的初步探讨

A Preliminary Discussion of Promoting Fruit Setting of Pear Hybrid Seedlings in Cold Region of Northern China

以秋子梨(P.ussuriensis Maxim.)与白梨(P.bretschneideri Rehd.)种间杂种(F1)为试材,研究不同播种方式、异地培育对杂种苗提早结果的影响。结果表明,露地+小拱棚、日光温室和露地直播等播种方式对苗圃地内杂种苗早期生长发育影响差异显著,苗木移栽后,随着树龄的增加不同播种方式获得杂种苗生长发育差异在逐渐缩小;异地培育杂种苗生长势明显强于原育种地培育杂种苗,可以作为我国北方寒冷地区杂种苗提早结果缩短童期的有效方法。

Using hybrid offspring of P. ussuriensis Max. and P. bretschneideri Rehd as materials, effects of differ-ent ways of planting and cultivation of hybrid seedlings in other place on earlier fruit setting were studied. The re-sults showed that there were significant difference in growth and development with different sowing method, i.e., out-door plus small tunnel, sunlight greenhouse and directly outdoor sowing. After seedling transplantation, with the in-crease of tree age, the difference of hybrid seedlings growth among different sowing treatments became less. Hybridseedlings which were cultivated in other place grew strongly compared with that cultivated in original place, so itcould be an effective method to shorten the juvenile period of pear hybrid seedlings in northern China.