清末锡良用兵泰凝始末

Research on Contest for Taining Gold Mine in Late Qing Dynasty

光绪三十一年初,四川当局筹谋开办泰凝金矿,但遭泰凝寺喇嘛抗阻,打箭炉厅同知刘廷恕在开导无果后派川边土勇赶赴当地施以威压,而泰凝寺抵制更为强烈,事态进一步扩大。此后,四川总督锡良在充满争议的前提下,派遣四川提督马维骐统带川兵入边。然马氏畏惧边事,而明正土司亦想保其辖地泰凝之安全,双方遂结成密约,即泰凝寺佯为抵抗,实迎马军入寺,而马维骐保证寺院财产安全。马维骐本意,由其亲信马德先至泰凝寺,然马德因故贻误行军,以致穆秉文先抵泰凝取得首功并识破马维骐与明正土司之密约。为应对此事,马维骐遂向锡良陈请两事:一是将纵兵劫掠泰凝寺的穆秉文正法,一是奖赏明正土司总兵衔以示安抚。最终,锡良奏请将穆秉文流放新疆,同时奏赏明正土司总兵衔,用兵泰凝至此画上句号。这一事件集中揭示了清末军事将领对派办边务的畏葸、投机心理,展现了当时川边治理的被动与复杂。

At the beginning of 1905,the Sichuan authorities planned to exploit the Taining gold mine.In February,Liu Tingshu,the official at Dajianlu,sent local soldiers to Taining,announcing that the government would invest in the gold mine,but met resistance from the Lama of Taining Temple.Liu then sent his own soldiers there in order to intimidate the Lama,but with even stronger resistance,the situation worsened.Subsequently,Xi Liang,the Sichuan Governor ordered Ma Weiqi,the provincial commander-in-chief,to take his troops there.Ma feared border affairs and formed conspiracy with Mingzheng Tusi who hoped to protect his territory in Taining.They agreed that Taining temple would only pretend to resist and Ma promised to guarantee the safety of the temple property.Ma’s intention was that his confidant Ma De would be the first to reach Taining,but it turned out that Mu Bingwen got there first,conquered the temple,and learned about their conspiracy.In order to protect himself,Ma asked Xi Liang to do two things.First,Mu should be put to death for plundering the Taining temple.Second,Mingzheng Tusi should be rewarded by granting him the rank of Chief.Xi decided to exile Mu to Xinjiang and reward the latter.This result revealed the attitude of the local officials and the complex political conditions in Sichuan in the Late Qing Dynasty.