北伐战争时期的柏文蔚与蒋介石——以台北“国史馆”档案为中心的考察

Bai Wenwei and Chiang Kai-shek during Northern Expedition——Based on Archives of “National History Museum” in Taipei

北伐战争时期,蒋介石对柏文蔚组建第33军既支持又干预,但支持是主要的。在国民党二届三中全会上,柏文蔚因提议被拒而中途离会并将此事报告给蒋介石。合肥被北洋直鲁军围困时,柏文蔚固守此地,得到蒋介石的支持和嘉奖。在鲁南滕县、临城的拉锯战和反攻徐州的战役中,柏文蔚与蒋介石之间的嫌隙逐步加深并最终公开化。此后,为结束宁汉对立,柏文蔚电催蒋介石离职下野而招蒋嫉恨,被其撤去军长一职;为了结束蒋介石下野后国民党内出现的混乱局面并完成北伐,柏文蔚又积极拥护其复职。北伐战争时期柏文蔚和蒋介石之间的关系矛盾复杂,放任与制约,默契与分歧,拥戴与反对,多重交叉,对北伐战争的进程产生了重要影响。

During the Northern Expedition,Chiang Kai-shek supported but also intervened in the establishment of the 33rd Army by Bai Wenwei.At the Third Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee of Kuomintang,Bai left early because his proposal was rejected and it was reported to Chiang.When Hefei was besieged by the Beiyang Army,Bai tenaciously defended it,thereby receiving support and recognition from Chiang.In the tug of war in Teng County and Lincheng in Southern Shandong and the counter-attack on Xuzhou,the estrangement between them gradually deepened and eventually became public.Afterwards,in order to put an end to the confrontation between the governments in Nanjing and Wuhan,Bai urged Chiang to retire from office and thus incurred hatred from Jiang,resulting in his being removed from the post of army commander.In order to end the chaos within KMT after the retirement of Chiang and to ensure the completion of the Northern Expedition,Bai actively supported the restoration of Chiang.The intricate relationship between Bai Wenwei and Chiang Kai-shek during that period cast an important impact on the process of the Northern Expedition.