马拉松运动与心血管系统适应性和风险性研究进展

Research on Progress of Adaptation and Risks of the Cardiovascular System in the Marathon

近年来,关于马拉松运动对心血管系统有益还是有潜在危害存在学术争议,以此为研究切入点,通过对相关文献资料进行整理研究发现,马拉松运动对心血管系统的适应方面主要体现在心肌适应性和运动员心脏;心肌损伤、冠状动脉异常、潜在的致心律作用、复杂心室异位和心源性猝死等是增加心血管系统风险性的主要诱因;规避和预防心血管系统风险性的主要措施包括:常规医学检查、心电图诊断、运动心电图检查和遵守当前欧洲心脏病协会推荐的体力活动和公共卫生指南。目前,尚无研究表明马拉松运动是一项诱发心血管系统疾病的高风险运动。

In recent years,there was academic controversy about this long,strenuous endurance exercise of the marathon on the cardiovascular system is beneficial or potentially harmful. By taking this as an entry point,the authors studied the foreign literature and found that the adaptability of Marathon exercise to cardiovascular system is mainly reflected in the adaptation of myocardial fitness and athlete's heart; Inducement such as myocardial injury,anomalous coronary artery,potential cardiac arrhythmias,complicated ventricular ectopic and sudden cardiac death is the principal cause of risks of the cardiovascular system. The main measures to avoid and prevent risks of the cardiovascular system include conventional medical examination,ECG diagnosis,exercise ECG examination and Following the current guidelines for physical activity and Public Health recommended by the European Heart Association. At present,there is no evidence that marathon is a high-risk exercise to induce cardiovascular disease.